The maternal mortality ratio is unacceptably high in Africa. Forty per cent of all pregnancy-related deaths worldwide occur in Africa. On average, over 7 women die per 1,000 live births. About 22,000 African women die each year from unsafe abortion, reflecting a high unmet need for contraception. Contraceptive use among women in union varies from 50 per cent in the southern sub-region to less than 10 per cent in middle and western Africa" UNFPA
Early and unwanted childbearing, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and pregnancy-related illnesses and deaths account for a significant proportion of the burden of illness experienced by women in Africa. Gender-based violence is an influential factor negatively impacting on the sexual and reproductive health of one in every three women. Many are unable to control decisions to have sex or to negotiate safer sexual practices, placing them at great risk of disease and health complications.
According to UNAIDS, there is an estimated of 22.2 million people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan African in 2009, which represents 68% of the global HIV burden. Women are at higher risk than men to be infected by HIV, their vulnerability remains particulary high in the Sub-Saharan Africa and 76% of all HIV women in the world live in this region.
In almost all countries in the Sub-Saharan Africa region, the majority of people living with HIV are women, especially girls and women aged between 15-24. Not only are women more likely to become infected, they are more severely affected. Their income is likely to fall if an adult man loses his job and dies. Since formal support to women are very limited, they may have to give up some income-genrating activities or sacrifice school to take care of the sick relatives.
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Source: The Guardian
Public health experts in east Africa have hailed an initiative that will fund research on the continent in the hope of fostering African innovation.
Source: Al-Jazeera
The number of HIV-infected people taking anti-retroviral (ARV) medicine has doubled in just five years, the United Nations said while highlighting high infection rates among young African women.
Source: Al Jazeera
In the wood-panelled interior of Nairobi's High Court, a battle is due to begin on December 15 that will determine whether hundreds of thousands of women each year are committing criminal acts.
Source: Daily Trust
Lazarus Moses, 40, and a father of three lost his wife during childbirth at a government hospital in Abuja.
His late wife, Sarah, was a nurse at the hospital where she died. She couldn’t get the hospital to provide care for her at the time she needed it the most.
When Daily Trust visited Moses’ residence at Lugbe, Abuja, grief was written all over him.
“She bled to death after giving birth. My wife is dead. I don’t know how to explain to my children that their mother is gone,” he said. He said he was excited while waiting for the arrival of the next family member only for his world to come crashing down when a doctor moved up to him and informed him that his wife died but the baby survived.
Moses’ ordeal, however, did not end with the death of his wife as the newborn died from complications five days after. The story of Mrs Moses and the baby, is one of the several maternal and infant mortality cases in Nigeria. Dr Tunde Olatoye, a gynaecologist at Ifako Ijaiye General Hospital, Lagos said death from pregnancy could be as a result of infection, post-partum haemorrhage (bleeding after delivery), hypertension, septic shock and amniotic-fluid embolism, among others.According to him, the factors responsible for maternal death include poor healthcare facilities, poverty, poor access to primary healthcare services and shortage of health care personnel to mention a few.
He said: “Religious and cultural beliefs prevent pregnant women from making healthy choices during pregnancy. Some women have to take permission from their pastors before they visit the hospital, it is that bad.”
He said while maternal mortality is on the rise, government is trying hard to reduce it, adding that the situation seems worse in the northern states. He said to salvage the situation, the girl child should be educated, adding “so that she can be independent financially and make sound decisions regarding her health. Family planning will also help bring down the indices of maternal death in Nigeria.”
Medical experts said that the cause of death vary from woman to woman. Some result from infection, hypertension, septic shock and amniotic-fluid embolism, a complication in which amniotic fluid or other matter re-enter the mother’s bloodstream, triggering a reaction that can result in cardio respiratory arrest and haemorrhaging. Postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) was the reason why Moses’ wife didn’t make it out of the hospital. “The medical personnel neglected her while focusing on my baby,” Moses lamented. PPH occurs when blood loss is more than 500 mililitres, following vaginal delivery or more than 1,000 mililitres, following cesarean delivery. Experts suggest that PPH should be diagnosed with any amount of blood loss that threatens the hemodynamic stability of the woman.
Investigations show that most maternal deaths in Nigeria occur as a result of poor access to maternity services and pre-natal and post-natal care, insufficient supplies and trained personnel, lack of facilities for emergency transport, lack or poor referral services and inadequate medical treatment of complications.
Some socio-economic factors which border on poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition and low social status of women, religious misconceptions and harmful traditional practices also contribute to rising cases of maternal mortality.
Hajiya Habiba Mohammed Damina, the health coordinator of the Federation of Muslim Women Association of Nigeria (FOMWAN), Bauchi State chapter, said women’s challenges during pregnancy are poor access to modern health facilities, cost, illiteracy and negligence on the part of health personnel.
“When women visit hospital and are presented with a bill that outweighs their budget and/or they are not properly taken care of by healthcare givers, they decide to stay at home, not minding the consequence,”she said.
The Executive Secretary of the FCT Primary Healthcare Development Board (NPHDB), Dr Rilwanu Mohammed, said maternal and child mortality which are yardsticks to measuring the progress of a society is unacceptably high in Nigeria.
“The health policy of the Federal Government of Nigeria is based on primary healthcare but the issue of health is on the concurrent list. The teaching hospitals and federal medical centres are under the federal government; general hospitals are under the states and FCT while the primary healthcare centres, which serve the masses, are under the local governments, which lack the capacity to manage them,” he said.
He added, however that the government is making effort to tackle the challenges.
“We are building more primary healthcare centres in Nigeria. We’ll equip them, recruit medical personnel and have good water and power supply there,” he said.
Hajiya Fatima Bello, a retired nurse from Sokoto, said until women are put in their rightful place in line with Islam, it will be difficult to address maternal mortality, especially in the North.
“We still depend on our men to make decisions concerning our health,” she said. “For example, when a woman is pregnant, she can’t go to hospital without her husband’s or in-law’s permission. So, if he is angry with his wife, he may decide to ignore her. But in Islam, women have rights and we must be allowed to exercise our rights,” she said.
She added that as a cultural norm, most women from polygamous families, in order to compete with other wives for resources, give birth to many children without family planning saying that the practice can threaten a woman’s life during child birth.
Similarly, some women of the Christian faith believe more in the advice of their clergymen than those from medical experts. Some pregnant women fast, against medical advice, skip ante-natal days for church programmes, and even go to church to deliver, instead of visiting hospital.
These, coupled with other unhealthy practices, medical experts say, expose women to complications during pregnancy and delivery.
Until challenges like inadequate medical supplies, drugs, equipment and personnel, are addressed holistically, pregnant women will continue to live in fear of dying while bringing in another life.
By Kashimana Michael-Ejegwa
Source: allAfrica
Grace* raised her children in the cramped corridors of Kampala's slums where proximity and necessity make neighbours de facto family members. But everyone looked the other way when her husband started beating her.
Source: The Monitor
The ban on comprehensive sex education in Uganda's schools needs challenging. That Uganda has a ministry of Ethics and Integrity that is entirely engrossed with sexual morality but does not support sexual health education in school is shameful.
Source: Daily Trust
The Benue State Family Planning Advocacy Working Group (BSFPAWG) has said that identified 63 percent unsafe abortions can be prevented with increase in family planning use.
Source: The Citizen
Next week Tanzania is hosting two global meetings that will focus on women, their survival, well-being, and their access to life saving maternal and reproductive health services.
Source: allAfrica
Tanzania is committed to ensure strong political commitment to family planning at all levels, increase national financing for family planning commodities as well as to strengthen contraceptive commodity security.
Already blind, Catherine Mwayonga was written off by doctors as having six months to live after being diagnosed with HIV. Fifteen years later, she now helps other disabled HIV-positive Kenyans to demand better treatment and adapt to life with the disease.
Source: National Mirror
Despite increasing global campaigns to drastically reduce maternal deaths or even eliminate them, Nigeria still loses 111 of its women to pregnancy-related complications daily, a group working on 4th Family Planning Conference in Nigeria, said yesterday.